Journal of Pure & Applied Sciences

Determination of Phenol and Flavonoid Content and Total Anti-Oxidant for Abelmoschus Esculentus

Mon, 19 Feb 2024 00:00:00 +0200

Abelmoschus esculentus is a vegetable crop with high nutritional value, Since it is rich in fibers and many important minerals and vitamins, in addition to flavonoid and phenolic compounds with high biological properties, which play an antioxidant role and are involved in many important activities in the body. The study aimed to estimate the phenolic and flavonoid content and the antioxidant activity of the okra plant. The method of aqueous extraction of the plant was followed. Qualitative and quantitative tests were conducted for the active compounds in the extract, in addition to measuring the total antioxidant capacity of the plant. The results showed that the plant contains some active elements such as flavonoids. , alkaloids, terpenes, tannins and saponins, and the quantitative determination of the plant content of flavonoids and phenolic compounds were tested, using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent method and the AlCl₃ aluminium chloride method, the results showed the plant contained high levels of flavonoids estimated at 639.9 – 662.8 mg/100 GA, while the extracted content of phenols was estimated at 336.84 – 367.26 mg/100 GA, and the antioxidant activity was estimated using the Phosphomolybdate Test, the results were estimated at g/2.02mg, and in the Hydroxyl Test, the results were 64.52%, 66.17%, and 82.16. % for concentrations of 20%, 40% and 60%. The study proves that the plant is rich in effective compounds and antioxidants.

Customers' attitude towards Automated Teller Machines (ATM) in banks operating in Libya A study on banks operating in the eastern region

Adel El-Kailany, Abdullah Ahmad — Mon, 19 Feb 2024 00:00:00 +0200

Technology today plays an important role in the banking services market, and Automated Teller Machines ATM is one of the technological innovations that contributed to the spread and reduction of banking services costs. The ATM performs many deposit and withdrawal services and other banking services. Although automated teller machines ATM had a role in reducing the costs of banking transactions, increasing the efficiency of banking work by relieving work pressure on employees in the banking sector, and increasing the speed of completion of transactions. However, there are many customers in Libya who see that the services provided by these devices are not at the required level, and that there are many problems they face while dealing with them, such as the large number of malfunctions, the lack of a sufficient number of them, and the long wait to reach the machine. Thus, this study aims to identify the attitude of customers towards the services provided by ATM devices, and the factors that affect the attitude of customers towards these machines. The study relied on the quantitative method, and the study relied on the questionnaire tool to collect data from clients, where 126 questionnaires were analyzed using the SPSS 23 program on the target sample. The study found that customers of Libyan banks have a somewhat positive attitude towards the use of ATMs, and there are no statistically significant differences in the attitudes of customers towards using ATMs based on their demographic characteristics (gender, age, educational level, occupation, income). The study recommends the need to pay attention to the deployment of automated teller machines, especially that there is a good awareness of ease of use, as this has an impact on solving the liquidity problem experienced by Libyan banks.

Increasing Oil Recovery by Gas Injection for Libyan Carbonate Sedimentary Field (LCSF) by using Eclipse Software

Madi Abdullah Naser, Omar Ibrahim Azouza, Salem Abdulsalam Elteriki — Wed, 21 Feb 2024 00:00:00 +0200

In this study, two software MBAL - Petroleum Experts and Eclipse are used to do comprehensive reservoir study for LCSF plane of development, this study covered analyses and evaluation. Gas injection essentially increases the rate of oil field development and in many cases permits increased oil recovery. This paper demonstrates a successful simulation case study based on a field data of a project. The objective of this study is to improve recovery from Libyan Carbonate Sedimentary Field by three wells of gas injection. To do that, first, the simulation 3-D model was built by using advanced reservoir simulation software (Schlumberger Eclipse). Second, select the best zone for gas injection. Third, select the best location for injector well. Fourth, determine the injector well depth. The results of the paper can be seen to match the real data of the reservoir with the results of the program using a MBAL software. The simulator results show the reservoir pressure history curve is matching to the stimulation curve, this gives a good allusion of the input data that has been entered to the model. The driving mechanism of this reservoirs it comes from three natural forces, which are fluid expansion, PV compressibility, and water influx. Gas injection scenario has a good plateau bpd lasts approximately 3 years and after that started to decrease. The Cumulative oil production is 108442340 STB barrels of oil with the recovery factor approximately 0.52805 and final reservoir pressure is maintained 328.76 pisa

Using Remote Sensing Technology to Detect Changes in the Vegetation Coverage of the Brak-Ashkada Project based on the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)

Khaled Ben Youssef, Alshareef Ibraheem Mohamed Abdusalam — Wed, 21 Feb 2024 00:00:00 +0200

The aims of this study to monitor and evaluate the change in vegetation cover for the agricultural settlement project in Barak Ashkada. The study relied on calculating the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) on the Landsat satellite data for April for the years 1988, 2014, and 2022. The density of vegetation cover in the study area is classified into two classes according to NDVI: an area with no vegetation cover (less than 0.11) and an area with a limited too abundant vegetation cover (greater than 0.11). The results showed that there was a difference in the area and density of vegetation cover during the time of interpretation of satellite images, the year 2014 was more dense, and the percentage of vegetation cover was 55.51%, Then came the year 2022 with a vegetation cover rate of 40.41%, and less in the year 1988 with a vegetation cover area rate of 20.99%. This study demonstrates the potential of remote sensing technologies to provide valuable.

Discover Frequent Patterns from Academic Data Of Student Information System

almahdi alshareef, Hana Safour — Wed, 20 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0200

Numerous researchers have explored the realm of data mining in education. The primary goal is knowledge discovery, aiming to support staff in efficiently managing educational units, refining student activities, and ultimately elevating learning outcomes. In this study, we utilize association rules mining, implementing the Apriori algorithm to extract insights from academic datasets sourced from the student information system of Sebha University, Libya. Genuine data is sourced from the cloud server. The algorithm is then applied to unveil relationships among 11 attributes within students' academic records spanning four years. The resulting patterns undergo experimental evaluation, considering support and confidence values. These specific rules are subsequently categorised into four classes and scrutinised for further validation. The proposed method yields valuable patterns pertaining to students' academic progress and retains crucial insights for predicting decisions regarding course additions and drops.

Study on Natural Diatomite as an Adsorbent for Uranyl (VI) ions, Using Spectrophotometric Method

Mon, 15 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0200

This work is based on the investigation of uranyl (VI) ion adsorption onto natural diatomite using batch sorption method under different parameters such as pH, initial ion concentration, adsorbent amount and effect of sulfate ion as a foreign ion. 8-hydroxyquinoline is used as a chromogen forming a pale-yellow complex with ions in chloroform, the absorbance was measured spectrophotometrically at λ_max 460 nm, obtaining a linear calibration curve with R²=0.998, LOD=3.03 mg/L and LOQ=9.21 mg/L. Prior to the implementation of the batch experiment, the morphology and composition of diatomite was confirmed using XRF (Bruker S8 Tiger), XRD (Bruker D5005), FTIR (Bruker Vector 22), and SEM (JEOL JSM-5610 LV) techniques. From spectrophotometric analysis, the results showed that the maximum uranyl ion adsorption distribution coefficient reached at the initial concentration of 50ppm, pH 4.5, contact time 5hrs and adsorption dosage of 2 g/L. There was no significant effect of sulfate ion on the adsorption affinity. Adsorption isotherm was studied by Langmuir which was favourable model fitting with R²=0.996 and maximum adsorption capacity of 16mg/g, and separation factor R_L = 0.0122. Freundlich isotherm model also applied for the same data and give a very straight line with R²= 1.00 and maximum adsorption capacity of 200 mg/g. Temkin model was less fit and gave a negative isotherm curve with R²= 0.78, K_T= 0.9405 L/g, b_T= 24.724 J/mol. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms gave exothermic adsorption while Temkin gave an endothermic one.

A Review of Toxoplasmosis in Humans and Animals in Libya

Rugaia Mohammed Abdulgader Elsalem — Tue, 16 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0200

Toxoplasmosis is a widely distributed zoonotic infection, caused by an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondiiin both humans and animals. The review summarizes published data on mode of infections, prevalence, life cycle, clinical aspects diagnosis, and risk factors of T. gondii in Libya. There is no adequate information exists on the mode of T. gondii transmission in Libya. Presence of stray cats and rodents in the houses and farms in different Libyan cities, probably play an important role in the maintaining the life cycle of T. gondii in the region. Libyan people might be also getting infection of T. gondii either by ingesting raw and undercooked grilled meat of lamb on festive occasions and sacrifice feasts and very often in restaurants on road side or by handling contaminated meat. Handling of infected meat by abraded hands at home might be transmitting toxoplasmosis to some extent through blood from broken skin especially among women in Libya. Diagnosis of T. gondii infection in Libya is based on serological detection of specific anti- Toxoplasma immunoglobulin, using different serological tests which have varied sensitivity and specificity in place to place. Various serological tests showed that toxoplasmosis is prevalent in eastern and western regions compared to southern parts of different Libyan localities from past few decades without any health education and control programmed. Prevalence of anti-ToxoplasmaIgG was more than anti-Toxoplasma IgM among pregnant women and patients. Variations in seroprevalence of T. gondii in Libya seem to correlate to lifestyle of cats (stray vs. pet), serological test utilized, climatic conditions, category of patients the with eating and hygiene habits of a population and other undefined factors. Little is known on the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in livestock. The sheep showed high seroprevalence and are suitable host for T. gondii in Libya.

Estimating tool life from measurements during longitudinal turning process using linear least squares

Abdusalam I. Alkhwaji, Muamar M. BenIsa, Hitem A. Aswihli — Wed, 14 Feb 2024 00:00:00 +0200

This research paper presents a procedure to estimate parameters for the modified Taylor equation using experimental measurement. The end-of-life times for each laboratory test were recorded well. The tool life has been measured by observing an abnormal change in the observed pitch of a sound from the cutting tool. The objective of this research is to understand the wear mechanisms of the insert carbide tool for different speed machining under dry condition using longitudinal turning process. The tool life equation obtained by linearizing the expanded Taylor tool life equation and solving a linear system of equations using linear least squares. In this study, both the experimental data and analytical solution show reasonable fit. The estimated tool life model simulates the measured end of tool life using the sound inspection method. An additional analysis to confirm effects of each cutting parameter on the tool life have been presented. Estimating the Tool life (T_L) model using nonlinear least squares could give more accurate results which is going to be considered in the future study. The significance of this study is to save resources in the manufacturing industry by avoiding estimating tool life during turning process. Since that cause delay in the production time and waste of resources.

Relationship Between Compressive Strength and Tensile Strength in High-Strength Concrete

Wed, 21 Feb 2024 00:00:00 +0200

In this study, laboratory tests were conducted on concrete specimens to determine the compressive strength and tensile strength of high-strength concrete. The compressive strength was calculated by testing 12 (10 cm x 10 cm x 10 cm) cubes for each of three workability (low, medium, and high). The tensile strength was calculated using a direct shear test by testing 8 (15 cm x 15 cm) cylinders for each workability. The relationships between compressive strength and tensile strength of high-strength concrete were then determined for each workability. The results indicated that compressive strength increased with a decrease in the water-to-cement ratio (W/C) for all workabilities. The results also indicated that tensile strength increased with a decrease in W/C, but for the low workability, tensile strength decreased with a decrease in W/C until W/C = 0.45, after which tensile strength began to increase. The results also indicated that tensile strength ranged from 6% to 8% of compressive strength for all workabilities. Finally, the results indicated that the coefficient of variation (C.V) of tensile strength, compressive strength, and the tensile-to-compressive strength ratio decreased with increasing workability. This means that the results were more consistent with increasing mix. On the other hand, W/C ratio was more consistent with decreasing workability.