Essential or basic sciences encompass a broad range of scientific disciplines that form the foundation of our understanding of the natural world. These fields provide the fundamental knowledge and principles upon which more specialized areas of science and technology are built.
Essential sciences typically include subjects such as biology, chemistry, physics, and mathematics. These disciplines investigate the fundamental properties and behaviors of matter, energy, life, and the universe. They aim to understand the underlying mechanisms and principles that govern the natural world, from the smallest subatomic particles to the vastness of the cosmos.