Bacterial Vaginosis in the Western Region of Tripoli, Libya: Prevalence and Associated Factors

Abstract

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a frequent vaginal infection affecting women of reproductive age, with known implications for reproductive and obstetric health. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and contributing risk factors of BV among women in the Western Region of Libya. Descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted between July and December 2024 in major hospitals and clinics in Tripoli. A total of 300 symptomatic women aged 21–55 years were assessed using Amsel’s criteria. BV was confirmed in 140 (46.7%) participants. The highest infection rate was observed among women aged 28–37 years (50.7%). Married women represented the majority of positive cases (81.9%), and 61.4% were pregnant. The most common associated factors included vaginal douching (84.3%), intrauterine device usage (42.2%), and a history of abortion (12%). This study concluded that the incidence of bacterial vaginosis was notably prominent, indicating a distinct correlation between the occurrence of BV and various risk factors. Hence, it is imperative to comprehend and assess the multifaceted risk factors to enhance the efficacy of preventative and therapeutic approaches.