Journal of Pure & Applied Sciences

Study of the Economic Factors Affecting the Outcomes of Agricultural Education in the Municipality of Sebha in South Libya

احمد عريدة — 2025-01-18

This study aimed to identify the economic factors that affect agricultural education outcomes to meet the requirements of the labor market in the municipality of Sebha in south Libya during the period 2023. The study relied on field data of the study sample. A descriptive and quantitative analysis, means, standard deviation, and T-test were used to meet the objectives of the study. The results of the study showed that agricultural training courses, agricultural faculties, and institutes in southern Libya have a significant impact on improving the outcomes of agricultural education. The study also indicated that the level of income and agricultural investments have a significant impact on the effectiveness and efficiency of an agricultural education graduate. The study recommended holding agricultural training courses and providing agricultural loans to new farmers, improving the infrastructure of agricultural faculties and institutes, expanding the culture of agricultural education, and determining the requirements of the agricultural labor market.

The The Role of Applying Actuarial Accounting in Enhancing Banking Supervision by Application on a Sample of Libyan Commercial Banks

Abrahim Mshaer — 2025-01-21

The study aimed to identify the role of actuarial accounting in enhancing banking supervision in the Libyan banking sector from the perspective of banking sector employees. To achieve the objectives of the study, the descriptive and analytical approach was used, as the researchers used the questionnaire form as a tool in collecting the information necessary to analyze the research variables. The two researchers reached a set of conclusions. The most important of which is: the existence of a statistically significant relationship between the application of actuarial accounting and improving risk management, enhancing financial stability and increasing confidence in the most important of what the researchers recommended. Working to enhance the use of actuarial accounting in all Libyan institutions by directing attention and investment in developing actuarial accounting systems and providing appropriate training for working personnel.

Elevational Effect on Aleppo Pine Seed Production and Seed Germination in east north Libya

Tarek Mukassabi — 2025-01-23

Al Jabal Al Akhdar mountain south of the Mediterranean in Northern Libya is the only native habitat for Aleppo Pine (Pinus halepensis Mill.) in eastern North Africa. Located between the Mediterranean Sea and the Sahara Desert, climate change and human activities are threatening its existence. We studied three woodlands of P. halepensis at different elevations in this unusual and rare ecosystem. We found that P. halepensis is producing more cones per tree and more seeds per cone than trees in more northern populations, with a net result at higher altitude of more than 7 times the number of seeds per tree compared to the northern Mediterranean. Moreover, seeds from woodland at the highest altitude showed better germination, longer root length, higher root and shoot dry mass and better growth than the other two populations, so are most likely to grow better during intermittent precipitation and be big enough to survive subsequent dry periods. We conclude that P. halepensis is capable of self-maintenance in this southern outpost in the short-term, but is likely to rapidly deteriorate in the face of climate change and a lack of protection. Conservation action to protect and facilitate spread of natural stands is urgently needed.

The Role of Financial Analysis in Evaluating the Financial Performance of Private Commercial Banks in Libya: Case Study at the Aman Bank for Trade and Investment During the Period (2019-2023)

Mohammed Shamli — 2025-01-24

The study aimed to show the role of financial analysis using financial indicators in evaluating the financial performance of private commercial banks in Libya, and to achieve this goal, Al-Aman Bank for Trade and Investment was chosen as a case study, by following the descriptive analytical approach based on the data of the financial statements by doing a partial financial analysis using profitability and indebtedness indicators during the study period from 2019 to 2023, and the study reached many results, including: It was found through the use of profitability indicators that they were positive, and that the bank's management achieved profits during the study period, and this indicates the performance and efficiency of the management in employing its assets and generating profits.

Government Financial Dominance and the Independence of the Central Bank of Libya: A Study of Asymmetric Effects

Ali Ateeyah — 2025-01-26

is study aims to analyse and measure an impact the government financial dominance on an independence of the Central Bank of Libya by analysing the annual data for the period (1990-2022), where the non-linear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) technique was used, through which the effects of symmetric and asymmetric relationships of financial dominance variables (public spending - public debt) on the independence of the Central Bank of Libya can be verified. Results of the study showed that an increase/decrease in the impact (positive and negative) of public spending will lead to an increase/rise in the money supply, which means a decrease in the index of central bank independence. An increase/decrease in the impact (positive and negative) of public debt will result in an increase/rise in the money supply, which indicates a decrease in the index of central bank independence. As well as relationships between the indicators of government financial dominance and the independence of the Central Bank of Libya were asymmetric in the long run, and symmetric in the short run. The results of the study agreed with the Sargent and Wallace hypothesis and with King's interpretation, as the results showed that financial dominance limits the independence of the Central Bank of Libya, and both the increase in public spending and public debt had a negative impact on the role of monetary policy in achieving its goals in the long run. The study also recommended the necessity of coordination between fiscal and monetary policies and emphasizing on the independence of the Central Bank.

The Role of Governance Indicators in Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals: The Case of Libya

ABDULSALAM ABDULJAWAD — 2025-01-28

All countries of the world are aware that governance is an essential element in the successful implementation of sustainable development policies and goals, but there are few studies that explore the relationship between governance and sustainability, especially in Arab countries that have passed and are still going through a state of political and security instability. This study attempts to identify and analyze the role of governance in promoting the transition towards sustainable growth in the country of Libya, where the global governance indicators (WGI) are presented, which appear in the World Bank databases, to assess the role of governance in the pursuit of achieving the Sustainable Development Goals and the extent of commitment to transition to a more stable society, which allows determining the direction of change for the better. This study seeks to review the governance indicators in Libya during the period (2011-2022), as it became clear that Libya is ranked among the Low Countries in terms of achieving the Global Governance Indicators set by the World Bank (WGI), which covers several dimensions of governance, and the study concluded after analyzing the level of global governance indicators, that the Libyan state will not be able to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals unless it paves the way to this, in reference to the weakness and low lag indicators that express good governance, in a call for urgent reform so as not to remain at the bottom of the list of the world is striving for Sustainable Development Growth).