توصيف المقررات

• Discuss the role of clinical chemistry in medical laboratory.

• Define the following terms: old &SIU units, laboratory safety, percentage solutions, morality, normality and buffers .

• Identify and describe different types of specimens used in clinical chemistry.

• Recognize to the formation and composition of urine and discuss the importance of urine analysis.

• Describe the operation and component part of the following instrument colorimeter, spectrophotometers and centrifuge.

• Recognize different means by which glucose maybe metabolized.

• Write Briefly the general function of plasma proteins and lipoproteins with explanation of their metabolism abnormality.

• Understand composition, nature and function of blood.

• Identify blood forming organs, blood vessels ,hematopoiesis process, blood cells and hemoglobin

• Recognize the general concept of blood (its formation, its composition, its properties, its function and its vital role in the human body.

• Identify representations, terms, conditions, and some disorders that could affect the blood cells and disturb the hemostasis of the body.

• Recognize different aspects of the hematology, blood cells and blood disorders.

• Construct a strong foundation and idea regarding the course outlines and contents

• Write a good conclusion about the hematology that reflects the extent of comprehension and understanding the course.

• Develop a high quality skills in the filled of hematology

• Implement the learned stuff practically to reflect the course understanding.

• This course provided the student with knowledge about laboratory diagnosis which focuses on:

1.       Identification and isolation of the bacteria using:

Ø      Gram stain (Gram positive and Gram negative)..

Ø      Cultural characteristics.

Ø      Biochemical characteristics.

Ø      Serological characteristics.

Ø      Other unique characteristics.

Ø  Acid fast staining and other staining methods

In order to aid in the process of identification of microbes.

2.      Antibiotics tests.

Determine the antimicrobials to be used in the sensitivity testing of different types of pathogens.

• Understand the laboratory diagnosis of bacterial infection.
• Isolate and identify of pathogenic bacteria.
• Do different staining and know the advantages and disadvantages of various stains used in bacteriology lab.
• Know different types of culture media and biochemical tests and what they are used for.
•  Recognize pathogenic bacteria; detection of bacterial antigens and detection of nucleic acid sequences by e.g. PCR technique.
• Determine the antimicrobials to be used in the sensitivity testing of different types of pathogens.

Understand the general characteristics, clinical disease, epidemiology, laboratory diagnosis and the treatment for every pathogenic bacterium.

· At the end of this course the students will be able to describe the morphology, classification, clinical features, pathogenesis, laboratory diagnosis and prevention and control measures of protozoa.

It is also intended to school the students with basic practical skills of laboratory techniques (specimen collection, processing, examination and reporting) and apply quality assurance in medical parasitology laboratory.

Instructional Objectives:-

1. Knowledge

· Discuss the concepts of parasitism, the relationships between parasites and host, between parasites and environment and the cultural and socioeconomic factors affecting the transmission of parasites.

· Explain the general epidemiological aspects of parasites that affect human · Illustrate the life cycle of specific parasites.

· Explain laboratory quality control in parasitology.

· List characteristics used to identify protozoa parasites involved in human infections.

· Classify parasites having medical significance for human classification of protozoa.

· List the most common medically important protozoa.

· Describe the life cycle of protozoa.

· Explain the morphology, epidemiology, pathogenesis and treatment of protozoa.

· Describe the prevention and control measures of protozoa.

· Compare and contrast the different techniques of protozoa.

· Explain laboratory quality control in parasitology.

2. Attitude

· Adhere safety rules.

•Understand the pathophysiology of kidney and renal function.

•Understand the biochemistry of non-protein nitrogenous substance and clinical significance of them

•Discuss the biochemical change of electrolytes with emphasis on their laboratory diagnosis.

•Define the term quality assurance                        -.

• Understand the biochemical aspects of liver disease.

• Describe the laboratory methods employed for the analysis of liver function

•Recognize enzyme classification , function , clinical importance and diagnosis

•Discuss the laboratory methods employed for analysis of liver enzymes & cardiac enzyme.

•Outline hormone function, clinical importance and assay.

•List different method to analyze hormone and enzymes

•Discuss the laboratory methods employed for analysis of electrophoresis and chromatography.

• Understand molecular information and the nature of blood group antigens.

• Identify the medical terms and abbreviations.

• Recognize the transfusion reactions.

• Identify representations, terms, conditions, and specificity of blood group antigens.

• Recognize different methods to follow up factors influencing antigen antibody reactions.

• Construct blood products.

• Write descriptions of systems of variety of blood groups.

• Develop a technique in the lab.

• Implement an experiment.

Understand Definition of viruses, their characteristics, classification, methods of reproduction, and their spread

Identify the methods of diagnosing viral diseases – it includes the study of the most important modern techniques as well as the traditional ones that are used in diagnosis.

Study the genetic characteristics of the virus and its relationship to the manufacture of vaccines and antivirals

Recognize the various diseases caused by viruses: their description, methods of transmission, diagnosis, and methods of combating them.

Clinical features, pathogenesis and Molecular laboratory diagnosis of genetic diseases using real time polymerase technique and other molecular diagnostic methods .

Study the Pathogenic Yeasts and Candidiasis, Cryptococcosis, Aspergillosis, Histoplasmosis, Blastomycosis, and Coccidiodomycosis.

• Definition of FUNGI, their characteristics, classification, methods of reproduction, and their spread.
• Provide students with an overview of the major fungus diseases or mycoses that threaten animal and human health.

1.      Study the definitions and fungal terminology.

2.      Identify the causal agents, symptoms, modes of infections, prognosis, and treatment of fungus-related illness that will be discussed and explored in detail.

3.      Recognize the general aspects of fungal immunology and pathology.

• Identify the methods of diagnosing fungal infections – it includes the study of the most important modern techniques as well as the traditional ones that are used in diagnosis.

Recognize the various diseases caused by fungi: their description, methods of transmission, diagnosis, and methods of combating them.

It provides students with essential knowledge and all practical work in the medical laboratories labs. Also, provides essential knowledge about the safety guidelines followed in medical labs. It provides the student with knowledge about renal function, liver function, cardiac enzymes and electrolytes and abnormal change in these parameters with emphasis on their laboratory diagnosis. Also, provides the student with essential practical methods in field of bacterial culture and its diagnosis in vitro. It gives the students all the lab information regarding antigen – antibody reaction in the immunity field. It provided the student with knowledge about blood transfusion and its reactions in the field of Hematology and blood banking.

• Familiarize the student with the components, properties and composition of blood as well as the system of different blood groups

• Identify the types of blood types present and how to identify them

• Recognize the causes and consequences of wrong and unsafe blood transfusions and the consequences of that.

• Identify the correct mechanisms for receiving patient samples and methods of dealing with them

• Recognize all types of analyzes for all parts of the body and how to perform them in the laboratory.

•Understands the accuracy of the results of blood chemistry tests and calibrates them to avoid any possible errors.

• Construct a strong confidence and ability to use all available equipment to perform all medical analyzes

• Performing all tests of biological samples (blood, urine and feces) to detect and classify microbes that infect the body.

• Develop a good methods of culturing and growing bacteria to help diagnose and treat the disease, as well as conducting an antibiotic sensitivity test to be able to choose the appropriate antibiotic to eliminate microbes

• Implement the learned stuff practically to reflect the course understanding.

1. Understand the fundamental concepts of immunity, contributions of the organs and cells in immune responses.

2. Acquire knowledge of the MHC molecule’s function and host encounters an immune insult.

3. Understand the antibodies and complement system

4. Understand the mechanisms involved in the initiation of specific immune responses and differentiate the humoral and cell-mediated immune mechanisms

5. Comprehend the overreaction by our immune system; autoimmunity; immunologic processes governing graft rejection and therapeutic modalities for immunosuppression in transplantation

• At the end of the school year, the student would be familiar with facilities and safety in laboratory

•At the end of the school year, the student would be familiar with the principles of instrumentation

•The student would be able to understand the statistical methods used in laboratory