The effect of some Auxins and cytokinins on culture of apical meristem of potato plant (Solanum tuberosum L) by using plant tissue culture techuique.

Abstract

Apical meristems of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentrations of plant growth regulators (Kin, NAA, IAA, 2,4-D, BAP, Ad, and GA₃). The best response was recorded when MS medium was supplemented with GA₃ at 0.5 mg/L, where the formation of friable whitish-yellow callus was observed, along with the development of leaf lets and roots, as well as the formation of three growing plantlets with lengths of 0.7, 0.8, and 1.5 cm, respectively. The results indicated that the highest mean of apical meristem induction was achieved with the addition of GA₃ at 0.5 mg/L to the culture medium, whereas the lowest mean was recorded in the IAA treatment. When apical meristems were cultured on MS medium supplemented with Ad (1mg/L), an increase in meristem size and the formation of friable white callus were observed seventeen days after culture initiation. In contrast, the other treatments showed variable responses.