Plant Diversity and its Role in Food Security
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Agricultural Revolution, Climate Change, Crop Diversity, Food Diversity, Food Future
Abstract
Plant diversity plays a very important role in food security, which depends to a large extent on the quality and the quantity of agricultural production. Extensive agriculture using a limited number of crops has led to negative effects because of climate change and monoculture; therefore, food security has been in thread. The weakness of the agricultural production system has generated a strong desire to build resilience into agricultural systems. One rational and cost-effective method may be the implementation of increased agricultural crop diversification. Plant diversification, especially crops, can strengthen agriculture systems through reduction of disease and pest spread, which increases with use of monoculture. Agricultural systems can also be strengthened by introducing or reintroducing plants that are resistant to climatic change and focusing on crops that have high nutritional and agricultural values. This paper is reviewing and discussing the role of plant diversity in food security and available options for increasing the plant diversity and, consequently, improving food security.
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