Learning outcomes:

    By the end of the course, student should be able to:

• Discuss the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and pharmacotherapeutics of different groups of drugs.
• Sound awareness about the adverse effects including acute and chronic toxicity of commonly used groups, and their management.
• Full awareness of limitations to the use of drugs such as contraindications and drug interactions.
• Awareness about variations during drug application with regard age, sex and genetic related variations that affect response to drugs.
• Good understanding the mechanism of action of drugs with regard pathophysiology of diseases which is essential for further proper choice of drugs.
• Discuss the impact of preventive pharmacology in prevent illness.
• Discuss the role, prevalence and limitations of alternative and complementary therapies commonly in use.
• Discuss the principles and possible applications of gene therapy.
• Define the basis of pharmaco-economics.

Practical Objectives:

• • Practical experimental skills mainly on animals in vivo and in vitro (observe, record and analyze the effect of drugs on biological tissues) with illustration of different techniques of drug administration.
  • Write a prescription for selected important diseases.
  • Audit prescriptions citing multiple drugs.

• 153 hours lectures with detailed explanation of drug applications and its pharmaco-properties
• Practical pharmacology(40 hours): a course of 20 practical courses 2 hours each
• experimental pharmacology: -routes drug administration ,handling of experimental animals, preparation of drug solutions in experimental pharmacology
• clinical pharmacology: drug dosage forms and prescription writing for particular diseases e.g. ( congestive heart failure ,hypertension, anemia, peptic ulcer, bronchia, asthma, diabetes mellitus, hyperthyroidism, angina pectoris ).
• (40 hours) tutorial for all subjects of lectures

• Written examination to assess knowledge and understanding and intellectual skills. Consists of both midterm examinations (( total of 60 marks )) (30%) and final written examination (( total of 180 marks )) (60%).
• Oral examination to assess knowledge and understanding, attitude and general skills (( total of 30 marks )) (10%).
• Practical examination to assess practical skills in analyzing drug prescriptions (( total of 30 marks )) (10%).
• Total marks for this course 300 marks.