Irregular withdrawal of groundwater in Wadi Al-Shati region and its effect on its qualitative characteristics
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Irregular withdrawal, groundwater of Wadi Al-Shatti, Fezzan Mountain, Morzoq Basin, Al Hassouna System.
Abstract
This research paper studies the issue of irregular withdrawal of groundwater in the WadiAl-Shati region to fill the growing agricultural and urban needs as a result of random urban expansion, random drilling of wells, deterioration of drinking water supply networks, damage to artesian well heads, and following traditional methods of irrigation. This withdrawal - with the lack of rainwater-led to the depletion of the groundwater reserves by noting the drop in levels in the monitoring wells and through the findings of some previous local studies about the decline in water quality as a result of irregular withdrawal. As a result of the drop in the area, the natural water springs have dried up, palm oases have dried up, and too many types of birds and animals have disappeared. In order to find out the extent of the decline in water quality in the region, a number of geochemical analyses of water samples in the region were done and compared with the standards of irrigation water quality of the Food and Agriculture Organization. The results showed an increase in the concentration of dissolved salts in samples taken from Ashkada Agricultural Project, Abu Hurghada, Gira, Zweya, and Tamazawa. In this case, its waters are classified as highly saline waters, which are not suitable for agricultural soils, while the samples taken from Temisan and Idri have a lower concentration of salts, and their waters are classified as medium salinity, as well as a high potassium ion concentration for all samples, which is attributed to sedimentary rocks in the region. The low quality of water leads to a high cost of extraction and causes problems for the soil and weakens agricultural production, as well as the emergence of many problems when used in the field of construction, so the study recommended more research into the causes of low water quality so that it can be better utilized in the agricultural and urban development of the region.
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