Prospective cancer vaccines for prevention and treatment of cancer
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
To study tumour immunity and vaccines, knowledge of tumour antigens and genes that encode them is essential. Cancer vaccines and cancer immunotherapy have been developed as a fourth type of treatment. There are two main categories of cancer vaccines: prophylactic (preventative) or therapeutic (curative). Prophylactic vaccines are given to healthy individuals whereas, therapeutic cancer vaccines are administered to cancer patients as a treatment, and the option of therapeutic vaccines is the personalized vaccines which are specific for tumour type and individual patient. The identification and characterization of tumour antigens that are highly immunogenic in human tumours are the key issue in tumour immunology. The candidate tumour antigen for cancer vaccine should have a potent effect in elicitation a specific humoral B cell and cellular T cell responses. To design cancer vaccines, it is necessary to identify a tumour antigen that can generate helper and cytotoxic T cells response and present tumour epitopes effectively. Several strategies have been developed to improve T cell-mediated immunotherapy and tumour vaccines. The current review highlights the tumour antigens as the main target for cancer vaccines; presentation of tumour antigens to CD4+ T cells, and strategies for cancer vaccines in terms of effectiveness of this treatment and the factors that affect the efficacy. Prophylactic, therapeutic, and personalized cancer vaccines have significant promise, but significant work remains to realize that potential. Therefore, technological advancements and a better understanding of tumour-host immune interactions are recommended to realize the mechanisms of resistance to the anti-tumour immune response.
Downloads
Article Details
In a brief statement, the rights relate to the publication and distribution of research published in the journal of the Sebha University, where authors who have published their articles in the Sebha University journal can use or distribute their articles. They reserve all their rights to the published works, such as (but not limited to) the following rights:
- Copyright and other property rights related to the article, such as patent rights.
- Research published in the journal of the University of Sebha and used in its future works, including lectures and books, the right to reproduce articles for their own purposes, and the right to self-archive their articles.
- The right to enter a separate article, or for a non-exclusive distribution of their article with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in the journal of Sebha University.
- Privacy Statement The names and e-mail addresses entered on the Sebha University Journal site will be used for the aforementioned purposes only and for which they were used.
