Deep Vein Thrombosis

Mutwakil G. Ahmed; Hossin I. Mohamed Elshrif; Abdulnabi A. Masoud; Abdalsamed Altaher

المؤلفون

Mutwakil G. Ahmed Department of Medicine, Sebha University, Sebha, Libya
Hossin I. Mohamed Elshrif Department of Medicine, Sebha University, Sebha, Libya
Abdulnabi A. Masoud Department of Medicine, Sebha University, Sebha, Libya
Abdalsamed Altaher Department of Medicine, Sebha University, Sebha, Libya

الكلمات المفتاحية:

Deep vein thrombosis، Venous thromboembolism، Pulmonary embolism، D-dimer، Anticoagulation

الملخص

Editorial summary prepared for the online archive; the original print article was published without an abstract.

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a blood clot that forms in the deep veins, most often of the leg or pelvis, and its most serious complication is pulmonary embolism (PE). This review summarises the epidemiology, risk factors, clinical presentation, diagnosis and management of DVT. Acquired, inherited and mixed risk factors are tabulated, and the main clinical features (oedema, leg pain, tenderness, warmth and erythema) are described. Diagnosis combines clinical probability assessment with the Wells score, D-dimer testing and venous ultrasound; a negative D-dimer with a low clinical probability makes DVT unlikely, and contrast venography remains the reference standard. Management aims to prevent PE, reduce morbidity and limit the post-thrombotic syndrome. The review covers anticoagulation with unfractionated or low-molecular-weight heparin, fondaparinux and warfarin, the oral factor Xa inhibitor rivaroxaban, bleeding complications, thrombolytic and endovascular therapy, inferior vena cava filters, elastic compression stockings and early ambulation. Post-thrombotic syndrome develops in an estimated 20–50% of patients, and about one-third have a recurrent episode within 10 years.

التنزيلات

تنزيل البيانات ليس متاحًا بعد.

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