Prevalence of Hemoglobinopathies in Ghat-South Libya
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Hemoglobinopathies, Sickle Cell, Thalassemia, HPLC, Ghat
Abstract
Hemoglobinopathies are a group of genetic disorders of hemoglobin in which there is a quantitative or qualitative abnormal production or structure of the hemoglobin molecule. These hereditary disorders are major public health problems in many parts of the world, including Libya. This study was designed to determine the prevalence of hemoglobinopathies in the Ghat region, south of Libya. In this prospective cross-sectional study, 5 ml of venous blood was collected from 1912 (1176 females and 736 males), aged between 5- 90 years (20.08± 12.52). The hematological picture of all samples was evaluated using the SYSMEX KX- 21 N Automated Hematology Analyzer, and all samples were screened for hemoglobinopathies using the sickling test, solubility test, and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The result showed that the overall prevalence of the HbS in the Ghat region was 5.75% (110 samples out of 1912 samples), in which there was 0.57% with HbSS and 5.18% with HbAS; no other abnormal hemoglobin's were found in the study.
The result of the HPLC study shows that the most common hemoglobin in the sickle cell trait sample was HbA (range 56.9 – 70.4%), followed by HbS with a range between 24.2 – 37.2%, while the range of HbA2 was 1.0 – 3.9% and HbF was 0.4 – 8.7%. The most common hemoglobin in sickle cells disease was HbS with a range of 62.7 – 69%, followed by HbA with a range between 27.0 – 33%, HbA2 with a range between 1.1 – 1.3% and HbF with a range between 0.9 – 2.0%, and there was not any case of sickle cell disease in the first age group.
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