Effect of Partial Substitutions with Barley Flour on Rheological Properties of White Flour Dough and Bread Produced
Abstract
The effects of barley flour substitution on the rheological and sensory properties of the produced bread were investigated in the current study. White wheat flour was produced from the mixing of two types of wheat (Ukrainian and Canadian 1:1) with a 72% extraction rate, while barley flour was prepared from a local cultivar called Rihan. Wheat flour was partially substituted with barley flour by 5, 15, 25, and 35%. The results showed that the moisture, crude protein, total lipid, ash, and fiber contents of barley flour were higher than those of wheat flour. The addition of barley flour resulted in increasing the values of arrival time, dough development time, and the value of the critical dough coefficient, which was measured by the device of fermentation pressure. On the other hand, results of the amylogram curve showed a slight decrease in the starting gelatinization temperature, as well as the maximum viscosity of the composite flours. Water absorption, dough stability, resistance to extension, and dough strength of composite wheat flour doughs decreased compared with the standard wheat flour dough. The quality and acceptability of the produced loaf from composite wheat flours decreased with increasing barley flour substitution, in comparison to the standard white wheat bread. However, composite flour with 5% and 15% of barley flour has acceptable quality in both physical and sensory properties.
Full text article
References
1- الجبورى، صبيحة حسن، 2011. تأثير إضافة طحين الشعير على الخواص الريونوجية لطحي الحنطة. مجلة جامعة تكريت للعلوم الزراعية، II، 2535.
2- عبد الرازق، عبدالمولى وحامد، خليفة سليمان، 2016. تأثير اضافة إسترات حمض الطرطريك ششائي الأسينيل أحادي وثنائي الجلسرية DATEM على الصفات الريولوجية الريولوجية والفيزيائية والحسية للرغيف المصنع من دقيق بعض أصناف القمح المزروعة في نيبي. Jordan 1-16 ,405 ,Sciences gricu1turaI of ournal.
3- زين العابدين؛ سولاقا واسجد بويا. 1995. تأثير بعض الأحماض الغذائية على الصفات الريونوجية لعجبين طحين الحنطة وجودة الخبز. مجلة زراعة الرافدين، 27 (2).
[4]-AACC. 2000. Approved Methods of the American Association of Cereal Chemists (10th. ed). American Association of cereal chemists, St, Paul, MN, USA.
[5]-Al-Attabi, Z. H., Merghani, T. M., Ali, A., & Rahman, M. S. (2017). Effect of barley flour addition on the physico-chemical properties of dough and structure of bread. Journal of Cereal Science, 75, 61-68.
[6]-Anette K, I;E, Benchman and K. Brandt. 2005. Integration of sensory and objective measurements of tomato quality: quantitative assessment of the effect of harvest date as compared with growth medium (soil versus rockwool), electrical conductivity, variety and maturity. Journal of Food Science and Agriculture,85: 2289–2296
[7]-Azizi, M.H. and Rao, G.V., 2004. Effect of surfactant gel and gum combinations on dough rheological characteristics and quality of bread. Journal of Food Quality, 27(5), 320-336.
[8]-Bhatty, R. 1986. Physiochemical and functional (breadmaking) properties of hull-less barley fractions. Cereal Chemistry, 63, 31-35.
[9]-Burkus, Z. and Temelli, F. 2005. Rheological properties of barley β-glucan.University press: Edinburgh. UK.Carbohydrate Polymers, 59, 459-465.
[10]-Chung, O. 1986. "Lipid-protein interactions in wheat flour, dough, gluten, and protein fractions." Cereal Foods world,3:242-256.
[11]-Dahl, W. J. and Stewart, M. L. 2015.Position of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics: health implications of dietary fiber. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 115, 1861-1870.
[12]-Henrry, R. J and kettewell P. S. 1996. Cereal Grain Quality, 1st ed. Chapman and Gall, London. 3 –43.
[13]-Hosney, R. C. 1986. Yeast leavened products in principles of cereal science and technology. Assoc. Cereal chem. Inc., stpanl. Minnesota.
[14]-Kahlon, T., Chow, F., Knuckles, B. and Chiu, M. 1993. Cholesterol lowering effects in hamsters of b-glucan enriched barley fraction, dehulled whole barley, rice bran, and oat bran and their combinations. Cereal Chemistry, 70, 435-440.
[15]-Knuckles, B., Hudson, C., Chiu, M. and Sayre, R. 1997. Effect of beta-glucan barley fractions in high-fiber bread and pasta. Cereal foods world (USA).
[16]-Kulp, K., Chung, H., Martinez, Anaya, M. and Doerry, W. 1985. Fermentation of water ferments and bread quality. Cereal Chemistry, 62, 55-59.
[17]-Macritchie, F. 1984. Backing quality of wheat flour. Advances in food Research 29: 210 –277.
[18]-Morris, C.F., Joppa, L.R., Simeone, M.C. and Lafiandra, D. 2013. Non-transgenic soft textured tetraploid wheat plants having grain with soft textured endosperm, endosperm therefrom and uses thereof. U.S. Patent 8,487,167.
[19]-Morrison, R. 1994. Analysis of cereal starches in: modern methods of plant analysis. Springer verlag, Heidelberg. vol. 14
[20]-Nazir, F., and Nayik, G. A. (2016). Impact of wheat-barley blending on rheological, textural and sensory attributes of leavened bread. Journal of Food Processing & Technology, 7(8), 8.
[21]-Panozzo, J., Bekes, F., Obrien, L. and Khan, A. 1991. Selection of wheat breeders' lines for improved baking quality based on their free lipid content. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 42, 715-721.
[22]-Sumner, A., Gbre-Egzizbher, A., Tyler, R. and Rossnagel, B. 1985. Composition and properties of pearled and fines fractions from hulled and hull-less barley. Cereal Chemistry, 62, 112-116.
[23]-Trogh, I., Courtin, C., Andersson, A., Åman, P., Sorensen, J. and Delcour, J. 2004. The combined useof hull-less barley flour and xylanase as a strategy for wheat/hull-less barley flour breads with increased arabinoxylan and (1→ 5, 1→ 4)-β-D-glucan levels. Journal of Cereal Science, 40, 257-267.
[24]-Weber, E. 1973. Structure and composition of cereal components as related to their potential industrial utilization. Iv. Lipids page 161 in: industrial uses of cereal. AACC.;st. paul. MN.
[25]-Zvonko, B. A. T. F. 2005. Rheological properties of barley B–glucan. Nutritional science. Carbohydrate polymers, 59: 459–465.
Authors
Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of Pure & Applied Sciences

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
In a brief statement, the rights relate to the publication and distribution of research published in the journal of the University of Sebha where authors who have published their articles in the journal of the university of Sebha should how they can use or distribute their articles. They reserve all their rights to the published works, such as (but not limited to) the following rights:
- Copyright and other property rights related to the article, such as patent rights.
- Research published in the journal of the University of Sebha and used in its future works, including lectures and books, the right to reproduce articles for their own purposes, and the right to self-archive their articles.
- The right to enter a separate article, or for a non-exclusive distribution of their article with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in the journal of Sebha University.
Privacy Statement The names and e-mail addresses entered on the Sabha University Journal site will be used for the aforementioned purposes only and for which they were used.