Factors Influencing the Acceptance of E-Training Among Faculty Staff at Sebha University: A Structural Equation Modelling Approach
Article Sidebar
-
Structural Equation Modelling, E-Training, Sebha University, Faculty Staff, Extended TAM, TAM2
Abstract
This study investigates the factors influencing the acceptance of e-training among faculty staff at Sebha University using the extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM2). A total of 74 responses were collected via Google Forms concerning subjective norm, image, job relevance, output quality, result demonstrability, perceived ease of use (PEOU), perceived usefulness (PU), experience, voluntariness, and intention to use. Measurement and structural models were evaluated using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS 4. Reliability, internal consistency, and validity were confirmed, with Cronbach’s α ranging from 0.776 to 0.929 and AVE values from 0.688 to 0.876, indicating convergent validity. PEOU was found to predict PU, and both PEOU and PU predicted intention to use, albeit with weaker support than the model suggested (β = 0.441, p < 0.001; β = 0.284, p = 0.046; β = 0.314, p = 0.033). No significant effects were identified for subjective norm, image, job relevance, output quality, or result demonstrability. Moderation analysis revealed that experience and voluntariness had no effect on the impact of subjective norm on PU or behavioural intention (all p > 0.05; all f² < 0.01). The model accounted for 66.5% of the variance in PU and 56.6% in intention, highlighting the importance of perceived ease of use and usefulness in the adoption of e-training.
Full text article
References
H. Gangwar, H. Date, and A. D. Raoot, “Review on IT adoption: Insights from recent technologies,” Journal of Enterprise Information Management, vol. 27, no. 4, pp. 488–502, Jul. 2014, doi: 10.1108/JEIM-08-2012-0047/FULL/HTML.
T. Robinson, “Using the technology acceptance model to examine technology acceptance of online learning technologies by non-traditional students,” I-Manager’s Journal of Educational Technology, vol. 16, no. 1, p. 21, 2019.
H. Taherdoost, “A review of technology acceptance and adoption models and theories,” Procedia Manuf, vol. 22, pp. 960–967, 2018.
N. P. Wingo, N. V Ivankova, and J. A. Moss, “Faculty perceptions about teaching online: Exploring the literature using the technology acceptance model as an organizing framework,” online Learning, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 15–35, 2017.
F. D. Davis, R. P. Bagozzi, and P. R. Warshaw, “User acceptance of computer technology: A comparison of two theoretical models,” Manage Sci, vol. 35, no. 8, pp. 982–1003, 1989.
S. S. Al-Gahtani, G. S. Hubona, and J. Wang, “Information technology (IT) in Saudi Arabia: Culture and the acceptance and use of IT,” Information & management, vol. 44, no. 8, pp. 681–691, 2007.
D. L. Hoffman and T. P. Novak, “Marketing in Hypermedia Computer-Mediated Environments: Conceptual Foundations,” J Mark, vol. 60, no. 3, pp. 50–68, Jul. 1996, doi: 10.1177/002224299606000304.
F. Daniel, “Diversity as technology: A new perspective,” Journal of Diversity Management, vol. 6, no. 2, 2011, doi: 10.19030/JDM.V6I2.5483.
J. Joo and Y. Sang, “Exploring Koreans’ smartphone usage: An integrated model of the technology acceptance model and uses and gratifications theory,” Comput Human Behav, vol. 29, no. 6, pp. 2512–2518, 2013.
J.-W. Moon and Y.-G. Kim, “Extending the TAM for a World-Wide-Web context,” Information & Management, vol. 38, no. 2001, 2001.
M. Oturakci, “Developing new technology acceptance model with multi-criteria decision technique: An implementation study,” Engineering Management Research, no. 2, pp. 43–53, 2018, doi: 10.5539/emr.v7n2p43.
A. B. Woszczynski, P. L. Roth, and A. H. Segars, “Exploring the theoretical foundations of playfulness in computer interactions,” Comput Human Behav, vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 369–388, Jul. 2002, doi: 10.1016/S0747-5632(01)00058-9.
N. Marangunić and A. Granić, “Technology acceptance model: a literature review from 1986 to 2013,” Univers Access Inf Soc, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 81–95, 2015.
A. Saleem, J. Aslam, Y. B. Kim, S. Nauman, and N. T. Khan, “Motives towards e-Shopping Adoption among Pakistani Consumers: An Application of the Technology Acceptance Model and Theory of Reasoned Action,” Sustainability, vol. 14, no. 7, p. 4180, 2022.
J. Hashim, “Factors influencing the acceptance of web-based training in Malaysia: applying the technology acceptance model,” Int J Train Dev, vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 253–264, Dec. 2008, doi: 10.1111/J.1468-2419.2008.00307.X.
T. Shirmila and R. Udhayarekha, “Exploring Employee Perception Towards E-training and Online Learning Modules of IT Companies in Chennai.,” International Management Review, vol. 18, no. Special Issue 2022, pp. 32–40, 2022.
J. F. Hair Jr, C. M. Ringle, and M. Sarstedt, “Editorial Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling: Rigorous Applications, Better Results and Higher Acceptance,” Long Range Plann, vol. 46, pp. 1–12, 2013, doi: 10.1016/j.lrp.2013.01.001.
Y. Park, H. Son, and C. Kim, “Investigating the determinants of construction professionals’ acceptance of web-based training: An extension of the technology acceptance model,” Autom Constr, vol. 22, pp. 377–386, Mar. 2012, doi: 10.1016/J.AUTCON.2011.09.016.
B. Zainab, “The mediating effect of perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use in the acceptance of e-training in the Nigerian civil service,” Universiti Utara Malaysia, 2016. Accessed: Apr. 02, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://etd.uum.edu.my/7179/1/s94474_01.pdf
A. U. Alkali and N. N. A. Mansor, “Interactivity and Trust as Antecedents of E-Training Use Intention in Nigeria: A Structural Equation Modelling Approach,” Behavioral Sciences, vol. 47, no. 7, Jul. 2017, doi: 10.3390/BS7030047.
S. Suanmali, “Factors Affecting Employees’ Motivation to Use E-training in the Manufacturing Sector in Thailand,” ASEAN Journal of Management & Innovation, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 189–204, Dec. 2018, Accessed: Apr. 04, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://ajmi.stamford.edu/index.php/ajmi/article/view/47
M. Saad and M. Almaadawi, “Technological Training Programs via the E-Learning Platform and Their Relationship to the Level of Technological Awareness and Attitudes of Faculty Members at King Saud University,” Mansoura Faculty of Education Journal, vol. 108, no. 2, pp. 1111–1178, Oct. 2019, doi: 10.21608/MAED.2019.131369.
R. Jaziri, H. T.-E. E. B. and, and undefined 2018, “Predicting User Acceptance of an Entrepreneurship E-Training Platform: Evidence from Tunisia,” Eastern European Business and Economics Journal, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 143–161, 2018.
R. A. Aisyah, M. Madyan, and G. Prihantono, “The Effect of Tam in an Online Shopping Context,” Review of International Geographical Education Online, vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 398–406, 2021.
K. T. Blagoeva and M. Mijoska, “Applying TAM to Study Online Shopping Adoption Among Youth in the Republic of Macedonia,” in Management International Conference MIC2017, Venice, Italy, May 2017, pp. 543–554.
M. Ally, “1. Foundations of Educational Theory for Online Learning,” T. Anderson, Ed., Athabasca University Press, 2008, pp. 15–44. doi: doi:10.15215/aupress/9781897425084.003.
A. Sangrà, D. Vlachopoulos, and N. Cabrera, “Building an inclusive definition of e-learning: An approach to the conceptual framework,” The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 145–159, Apr. 2012, doi: 10.19173/IRRODL.V13I2.1161.
D. Al-Fraihat, M. Joy, R. Masa’deh, and J. Sinclair, “Evaluating E-learning systems success: An empirical study,” Comput Human Behav, vol. 102, pp. 67–86, Jan. 2020, doi: 10.1016/J.CHB.2019.08.004.
A. Al-Azawei, P. Parslow, and K. Lundqvist, “Investigating the effect of learning styles in a blended e-learning system: An extension of the technology acceptance model (TAM),” Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, vol. 33, no. 2, pp. 1–23, Jun. 2017, doi: 10.14742/AJET.2741.
B. Al Kurdi, M. Alshurideh, and S. A. Salloum, “Investigating a theoretical framework for e-learning technology acceptance,” International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE), vol. 10, no. 6, pp. 6484–6496, Dec. 2020, doi: 10.11591/ijece. v10i6. pp6484-6496.
A. M. Alzahrani, “Factors that Influence Secondary School Teachers’ Acceptance of E-learning Technologies in Teaching in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,” Journal of Research in Curriculum Instruction and Educational Technology, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 175–196, Apr. 2019, doi: 10.21608/JRCIET.2019.33605.
S. Bidin and A. A. Ziden, “Adoption and Application of Mobile Learning in the Education Industry,” Procedia Soc Behav Sci, vol. 90, pp. 720–729, Oct. 2013, doi: 10.1016/J.SBSPRO.2013.07.145.
J. G. Ruiz, M. J. Mintzer, and R. M. Leipzig, “The Impact of E-Learning in Medical Education,” Academic Medicine, vol. 81, no. 3, 2006.
S. Harstinski, “Asynchronous and synchronous e-learning,” EDUCAUSE QUARTERLY, vol. 4, no. 31, pp. 51–55, 2008.
V. Venkatesh, J. Y. L. Thong, and X. Xu, “Consumer acceptance and use of information technology: Extending the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology,” MIS Q, vol. 36, no. 1, pp. 157–178, 2012, doi: 10.2307/41410412.
E. Lysitsa and I. Mavroeidis, “Critical factors affecting student satisfaction in a distance learning environment,” European Journal of Open, Distance and E-Learning, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 1–23, Mar. 2024, doi: 10.2478/EURODL-2023-0014.
A. Granić and N. Marangunić, “Technology acceptance model in educational context: A systematic literature review,” British Journal of Educational Technology, vol. 50, no. 5, pp. 2572–2593, 2019.
P. Ajibade, “Technology Acceptance Model Limitations and Criticisms: Exploring the Practical Applications and Use in Technology-related Studies, Mixed-method, and Qualitative Researches CORE View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk provided by DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska,” Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal), 2018.
V. Venkatesh and F. D. Davis, “A theoretical extension of the technology acceptance model: Four longitudinal field studies,” Manage Sci, vol. 46, no. 2, pp. 186–204, 2000.
A. Tarhini, T. Elyas, M. A. Akour, and Z. Al-Salti, “Technology, demographic characteristics and e-learning acceptance: A conceptual model based on extended technology acceptance model.,” Higher Education Studies, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 72–89, 2016.
M. D. Williams, N. P. Rana, and Y. K. Dwivedi, “The unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT): a literature review,” Journal of enterprise information management, vol. 28, no. 3, 2015, doi: 10.1108/JEIM-09-2014-0088.
H. Celik, “Customer online shopping anxiety within the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use Technology (UTAUT) framework,” Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, vol. 28, no. 2, 2016, doi: 10.1108/APJML-05-2015-0077.
A. Tarhini, M. El-Masri, M. Ali, and A. Serrano, “Extending the UTAUT model to understand the customers’ acceptance and use of internet banking in Lebanon: A structural equation modeling approach,” Information Technology & People, 2016.
Wynne W Chin, “The partial least squares approach to structural equation modeling,” in Modern methods for business research, 2nd ed., no. 2, George A. Marcoulides, Ed., Psychology Press, 1998, ch. 10, pp. 295–336.
P. Legris, J. Ingham, and P. Collerette, “Why do people use information technology? A critical review of the technology acceptance model,” Information & management, vol. 40, no. 3, pp. 191–204, 2003.
Authors
Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Pure & Applied Sciences
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
In a brief statement, the rights relate to the publication and distribution of research published in the journal of the University of Sebha where authors who have published their articles in the journal of the university of Sebha should how they can use or distribute their articles. They reserve all their rights to the published works, such as (but not limited to) the following rights:
- Copyright and other property rights related to the article, such as patent rights.
- Research published in the journal of the University of Sebha and used in its future works, including lectures and books, the right to reproduce articles for their own purposes, and the right to self-archive their articles.
- The right to enter a separate article, or for a non-exclusive distribution of their article with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in the journal of Sebha University.
Privacy Statement The names and e-mail addresses entered on the Sabha University Journal site will be used for the aforementioned purposes only and for which they were used.